12^th International Conference on Agriculture and Horticulture July 09-10, 2018 Sydney, Australia

Agriculture focusses on policy orientation for food security and safety include state-wise, previous, current and future policy issues, and cope-wise sustainability of agriculture. The particular part of food distribution in our society can be examined through the research of the changes in the food supply chain. Globalization, in particular has significant effects on the food supply chain by validating scale effect in the food distribution industry. Provision of an adequate amount of essential nutrients to human beings has ever been the challenge in the province of food security. Agriculture conference  gives an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research developments.

• Food and nutritional security
• Sustainable intensification of food production systems
• Innovative ways of feeding increasing population
• Global and local analyses of food security
• Land sparing, land sharing and trade-offs
• Lost harvest and wasted food

Agriculture focusses on the subject Plant Science. Plant cells are immobile, encased in a fixed cell wall. Unlike animal cells, migration and programmed cell death play less role in the patterning of plant cells fates, nor can they move when their environment changes. If the supply of food is less or if there is a predator, animals can move, fight or fly. But plants cannot. They have to adapt constantly to their environment and their development is highly plastic. Development of the animal is mostly embryonic:  The shape of the body is defined during embryogenesis and the adult derive from the enlargement of the embryo. In contrast, in plants, most of the development takes place post-embryonically and never ceases. In fact, because plants can't escape from their physical locations, they adapt and "escape" through development. When there is a lack of nutrients or energy, the plant develops its root system to explore the ground or its aerial system to get some light. Under attack from a pathogen or herbivore, the plant is able to synthesize signaling molecules to change its development and defend itself.

• Plant tissue culture
• Plant physiology and biochemistry
• Plant pathology and plant-micro-biology
• Plant breeding and molecular breeding
• Plant science and natural products
• Plant genome sciences
• Medicinal and aromatic plant sciences
• Plant synthetic biology and plant transcriptome

Agriculture focuses on the topic agribusiness. Agribusiness is the business of agricultural production. It includes agrichemicals, breeding, crop circulation, farm machinery, processing, and seed accumulation, as well as marketing and retail sales. All agents of the food and fiber value chain and those institutions that influence it are part of the agribusiness system.

Within the agriculture industry, "agribusiness" is used easily as a valise of agriculture and business, attributing to the range of activities and disciplines encompassed by novel food production. There are academic degrees in and departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness publications, and so forth, worldwide.

Agriculture event intimate Agricultural productivity is measured as the ratio of agricultural outputs to agricultural inputs. While individual products are usually measured by weight, their varying densities make measuring overall agricultural output difficult. Therefore, the output is sully measured as the market value of final turn out, which will intermediate products such as corn feed used in the meat industry. This output value may be compared to many various types of inputs such as labor and land (yield). These are called partial measures of productivity. Agriculture conference imparts an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research developments in the field of Agricultural Production Systems.

• Agricultural Economics
• Production-enabling resources: the resource pool
• Final product-generating enterprises
• Resource-generating activities
• Crop statistics
• Shifting cultivation
• Crop cultivation systems

   Bio resources are nonfossil biogenic stuff used by humans for numerous objective: to yield food, substantial products, chemicals and energy derived from renewable biological resources. Bio resources are known as bio based products. It includes agriculture, forestry, and biological derived waste. These biological sources are renewable in nature. Biofuel is the best example of biological renewable energy.

• Bio resource Technology
• Biofuel
• Biomass and Bioenergy
• Biological waste treatment
• Biotransformations

Agriculture focusses on Agricultural Biotechnology is the combination of scientific tools and techniques including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and tissue culture to modify agricultural productivity, quality, diversity and species protection. Agricultural Biotechnology is developed to cope up with current challenges which are usually cannot be solved by traditional practices. Agricultural Biotechnology also helps in climate adaptation, stress management, and disease management. Biotechnology has introduced modern technologies to deal with the global food crisis. Agriculture conference provides an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research developments in the field of Agricultural Biotechnology.

• Bio information system
• GM crops
• Technologies for rapid crop improvement
• Genomics technologies for tropical agriculture
• Plant molecular biology

Agriculture focusses on the environmental impact of agriculture varies based on the wide variety of agricultural practices employed around the world. Ultimately, the environmental impact depends on the production practices of the system used by farmers. The connection between radiation into the environment and the farming structure is insurrect, as it also depends on other climate fribbles such as rainfall and temperature.

The environmental impact of agriculture contains various factors from the soil to water, the air, animal and soil diversity. Some of the environmental matter that is connected to agriculture are atmospheric conditions change, deforestation, soil degradation, and waste. Agriculture conference  accommodates opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research developments in the field of Agriculture and Environment.

• Global warming & Agriculture
• Climate change impacts on agriculture
• Food security and climate change
• Mitigation and adaptation
• Impacts on nutrition, quality and resource use efficiency
• Forecasting in agriculture
• Effects of CO2 on plant growth
• New crops for a new climate

Agriculture focusses on Utilization & Potential Utilization - Agroforestry is an intensive study on a land management system that benefits biological interactions between forest trees or shrubs and agricultural crops and/or livestock. Agroforestry helps to conserve species diversity and protect natural resources, reduce pollution, control soil erosion, and enhance wildlife biodiversity. The benefits of agroforestry comprise enhancement of the growth of agro-economy and reserves sustainability. Agroforestry practices also influence agroecosystem and diversification of endangered crop species. The best research need is to develop farm-level analyses to increase economic costs, benefits which may reduce risks associated with agroforestry and boost the price of products.  Agriculture conference gives an opportunity to researchers and scientist to analyze the modern and latest research growths in the direction of Agriculture & Forestry.

• Bonsai cultivation
• Biomass utilization
• Forest ecology & biodiversity
• Grassland and natural resource management
• Landscape restoration and agroforestry
• Applications of agroforestry
• Alley cropping
• Strip cropping

Agriculture focusses on the Livestock Farming. Livestock Farming is an agricultural process to yield products such as food, fiber, leather, wool, and labor by raising homely animals like poultry, cow, cattle, fish and other mammals. In recent years, livestock farming is very well managed as animals are provided with proper nutritional food and shelter. Nowadays accentuation mainframe is also a part of livestock cultivation as it finally boosts product yield and quality. Pigs and poultry are reared intensively in indoor environments. However, indoor animal farming has often been carped for multiple reasons - on grounds of pollution and for animal welfare reasons. Livestock farming act as the main part of the agricultural business and economy of major growing countries. Agriculture conference gives an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research advancement in the area of Livestock Farming & Genetic Engineering.

• Livestock production systems
• Intensive livestock farming
• Sustainable livestock farming
• Genetic engineering in animal farming
• Animal Science
• Cloning and genetic improvement
• Implications for veterinarians

Agronomy is the science of production and utilization of plants for multidisciplinary use along with soil, crop and water management. Agronomy related to work in the areas of plant genetics, plant physiology, Agrometeorology, and soil science. Agronomy is the application of combined sciences like biology, chemistry, economics, ecology, earth science, and genetics. Agronomy is now an important research field for scientists to study the behavior of plant in different environmental conditions including climate, soil type and irrigation, fertilization etc. 

Crop Science and Technology is the area handle with the Selection, Breeding, Crop productivity, Seed production,,Organic crops, Crop technology transpiration, Field crops research, and Crop and Irrigation technology. Crop science deals with food, feed, turf, and fiber crops and their management. It is a broad field includes breeding, genetics, production, and management of crops and animal feed. Crop science also takes part in supervision and viable use of genetic resources of plants, insects, and other invertebrates, and microorganisms. 

• Efficient crop production
• Seed technology
• Land and water management
• Forage crop & grass science
• Irrigated crops
• Crop genetics and breeding
• Physiology and ecological research on herbs

Agriculture conference focusses on fertilizer which is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soils or to plants tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. Fertilizers enhance the growth of plants. This goal is met in two ways, the traditional one being additives that provide nutrients. The second mode by which some fertilizers act is to enhance the effectiveness of the soil by modifying its water retention and aeration.

Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying, or mitigating any pest. They are a class of biocide. The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, plant diseases or insects. This use of pesticides is so common that the term pesticide is often treated as synonymous with plant protection product, although it is, in fact, a broader term, as pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes. Agriculture conference provides an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest research developments in the field of Fertilizer and Pesticide.

• Application of fertilizers & pesticides
• Constraints in biofertilizer technology
• Microbial inoculant
• Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis
• Weed Science
• Biochemical pesticides
• RNAi pesticides

Agriculture focusses on soil which provides ecosystem necessary for plants and animal life. Soil acts as a base medium provide habitat, water, and nutrition to living organisms. The soil is used as a holding and interacting facility for nutrients, microorganisms, plants, and water. The soil is responsible for Agro ecosystems and Eco-agriculture which indirectly help in food security. Soil purifies groundwater, provides nutrients, help in the growth of plants and regulate the Earth's temperature. Industrial, household, and non-point source pollution negatively influence soil environment and finally the whole ecosystem. In recent decades, scientists have developed new practices which limit the mobility of contaminants which reduce pollution. Agriculture conference gives a chance to researchers and scientist to explore the latest and modern developments in the field of Soil Sciences and its related technology.

• Soil chemistry
• Soil fertility & plant nutrition
• Soils & environmental quality
• Soil & water management & conservation
• Soil physics and advanced biophysical techniques

A greenhouse is a shape with walls and roof made largely of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring managed climatic conditions are grown. These structures range in size from small sheds to industrial-sized buildings. A miniature greenhouse is known as a cold frame. The interior part of a greenhouse exposed towards the sunlight becomes extremely warmer than external  temperature. The primary crops grown in greenhouses include pepper, tomato, cucumber, lettuce, herbs, and strawberry. 

Agriculture event focusses on horticulture that deals with the art, science, technology, and business of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants. It includes production, improvement, marketing and scientific analysis of medicinal plant, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, flowers, seaweeds and non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees and plants. It also deals with species conservation, landscape restoration, landscape and garden design, management, and maintenance, research, and marketing. Horticulturists apply their knowledge, skills, and technologies to grow plants for human food and non-food uses like a garden or landscape design, decorations etc. Their field also involves plant propagation and tissue culture to improve plant growth, diversification, quality, nutritional value, and resistance and adaptation strength to environmental stresses. Agriculture conference gives an opportunity to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and latest developments in the field of Horticulture and its related field.

• Fruit and vegetable breeding
• Arboriculture
• Turf management
• Seed physiology
• Greenhouses and horticulture
• Horticultural produce marketing and value chains
• Floriculture

Agriculture target on the rice research. Rice is one of the most consumed cereal in the world as a food product. Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza Glauber rima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the high consumed essential food for a huge part of the all over world's human population. Since a large portion of maize crops are grown for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, gives more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. Agriculture conference provides a chance to researchers and scientist to explore the advanced and advance research developments in the area of Rice Research.

• Basmati rice
• Rice and aquaculture
• Rice diseases
• Rice and nutrition
• Rice yield

Agriculture focusses on the subject Food & Nutrients. Although many people think that food and nutrition mean the same thing, they don’t. Food refers to the plants and animals we consume. These foods contain the energy and nutrients our bodies need to maintain life and support growth and health. Nutrition, in contrast, is a science. Specifically, it is the science that studies food and how food nourishes our bodies and influences our health. It identifies the processes by which we consume, digest, metabolize, and store the nutrients in foods, and how these nutrients affect our bodies. Nutrition also pays attention to the factors that influence our eating patterns, and also make recommendations about the amount of food we eat and the type of food, and addressing issues related to the global food supply. When compared with other scientific disciplines such as chemistry, biology, and physics, nutrition is a relative newcomer. The cultivation, preservation, and preparation of food have played a critical role in the lives of humans for millennia, but in the West, the recognition of nutrition as an important contributor to health has developed slowly only during the past 400 years.

• Food policy & applied nutrition
• Food sciences technology
• Agri-food technology

Food nanotechnology is a branch of nanotechnology concerned with the application of nanotechnology to food or food packaging so as to extend the life or safety of food, to detect harmful bacteria, or to produce stronger flavors. Nanotechnology has begun to find potential uses around functional food by engineering biological molecules toward functions various from those they have in nature, opening a whole new area of development. When nanotechnology or its application or nanomachine is used during production, cultivation, processing or packaging of food than the food is called as nanofood. It does not mean that atomically modified food or food made by nanomachines.

• Food safety
• Food technology
• Food modification
• Nano machine
• Food packaging

The energy stored in biomass also termed as organic matter is called bioenergy. This energy has generally been produced through the process of photosynthesis or is an organic by-product from a waste stream. Bioenergy can be used as to give heat, or for making electricity and also used in making biological fuel. Wood, which people have used to cook and keep warm for thousands of years, is the biomass resource people are most familiar with. Bioenergy is the sustainable renewable energy source which will become a support towards global energy conservation.     

• Bioenergy application
• Sustainable use of crop waste
• Energy conservation
• Energy production

Crop Protection is the science and routine of overseeing plant ailments, weeds and different vermin (both vertebrate and invertebrate) that harm agrarian yields and ranger service. Agrarian yields incorporate field crops (maize, wheat, rice, and so on.), vegetable harvests (potatoes, cabbages, and so on.) and natural products. The yields in a field are presented to numerous elements. The yield plants might be harmed by creepy crawlies, fowls, rodents, microscopic organisms, and so on. Crop security is the study and routine of overseeing nuisances, plant illnesses, weeds and other unsafe living beings that harm agrarian products and ranger service and in this manner, influence monetary quality and agri-market.

•  Seed security
• Essential material for crop growth
• Quality assurance
• Risk analysis
• Agri market

Natural Resources Management deals with the sustainable utilization of major natural resources, such as land, water, air, minerals, forests, fisheries, and flora and fauna present on the planet. Together, these resources provide the ecosystem services that are responsible for human life on this planet.  While poverty alleviation and sustainable NRM are generally compatible, difficult trade-offs may occur at several times. Never the less the fact remains that without poverty alleviation, the environment in developing countries will continue to degrade, and without better NRM, poverty alleviation will be undermined. Developing countries and cities, as a group, are expected to grow by 160% over the period, whereas rural populations will grow by only 10%.Integrated natural resource management  is a process of managing natural resources in a systematic way, which indulges multiple aspects of natural resource use (biophysical, socio-political, and economic) meet  goals regarding production of producers and other direct users (e.g., food security, profitability, risk aversion) as well as goals of the wider community (e.g., poverty alleviation, welfare of future generations, environmental conservation). It focuses on sustainability and at the same time tries to incorporate all possible stakeholders from the planning level itself, reducing possible future conflicts.

• Sustainable use
• Resources management
• Food security
• Risk analysis

Organic farming is another agricultural system which began early in the 20th Century. An organic farm, properly speaking, is not one that uses certain approach and substances and avoids others; the independence and the benign dependence of an organism. Organic farming methods combine scientific knowledge of ecology. Organic farming methods are studied around agro ecology. The principal approach of organic farming includes crop rotation, green manures and compost and biological pest control.

• Agriculture system  
• Use of organism
• Scientific approach
• Agro Ecology

  Global Climate change is one of major topic for the environmentalist to concern about. This effect is the result of heat-trapping gases (also known as greenhouse gases) like water vapor, ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, which absorb the heat radiated from the Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere and then radiate most of the energy back towards the surface. Without this natural greenhouse effect, the surface temperature of the Earth would be about 15.5°C colder. However, increasing activities by humans have been releasing additional heat-trapping gases, intensifying the natural greenhouse effect, thereby changing the Earth’s climate. Global temperatures are markedly rising over this century; by how much and for how long, it depends on several factors, which include the amount of heat-trapping gas emissions and how sensitive is the climate to those emissions.  

•  Agriculture and the environment
• Global warming
• Green House gases
• Effect of Climate on the Crop production