Day 2 :
- Soil Sciences|Rice Research|Agriculture and Environment|Livestock Farming & Genetic Engineering|Horticulture|Agricultural Biotechnology
Location: Studio 11
Session Introduction
Mohamed Hamada Shalaby
Menoufia University, Egypt
Title: Impact of different amendments on yield and micronutrients uptake by barley grown on salt affected soils
Biography:
Shalaby M H is the respected Professor of Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture in Menofiya University, Egypt. He is mainly interested in the research field of Soil Science.
Abstract:
This investigation was carried out on three saline sodic alluvial soils, varied in their content of salinity and sodicity; three calcareous soils varied in their EC and content of CaCO3 (%) and other soil properties to study the effect of soil amendments (sulphur and biogas manure) and incubation periods on micronutrients uptake and yield of barley plant. A pot experiment was carried out in split plot design with three replicates. Alluvial and calcareous soils were the main plots; rates of sulphur (0, 1, 2 and 3 ton fed-1) or biogas manure (0, 10, 20 to 30 ton fed-1) application were the sub plots and the sub plots represented by the incubation periods. Three incubation periods (0, 2 and 4 months) of soils with the pervious treatments of sulphur and biogas manure were carried out before sowing. Seeds of plants were cultivated, left till harvesting, then dry matter yield and micronutrients uptake of plants was determined. Obtained results displayed that, as a general view, dry matter yield of both straw and grains of barley plant and micronutrients uptake (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were decreased with the increase of salinity and sodicity in alluvial and calcareous soils. Furthermore, application of sulphur or biogas manure especially at the high rate (3 ton Sulphur/fed or 30 ton manure/fed) led to the greatest dry matter yield and micronutrients uptake. Also, yield of barley and micronutrients uptake were significantly improved with the elongation of the incubation period with sulphur or biogas manure before sowing.
Mohammed Nuruzzaman
National Institute of Agro-biological Sciences, Japan
Title: Rice AP2/EREBP transcription factor family members are differentially expressed in response to six different viruses
Biography:
Mohammed Nuruzzaman is the Senior Lecturer of School of Food Science and Technology, University Malaysia Terengganu. He is one of the top most Molecular Biologist, and he is basically working on gene functional analysis on abiotic and biotic stress.
Abstract:
Expression profiles of the 147 AP2/EREBP gene family members were studied in rice infected with Rice grassy stunt virus
(RGSV), Rice transitory yellowing virus (RTYV), Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV), Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV),
Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), and Rice dwarf virus (RDV). Microarray analysis showed that 80% of the OsAP2/EREBP genes
were differentially regulated during virus infection compared with the control. Rice infected with either RGSV or RBSDV
showed the highest number of upregulated OsAP2/EREBP genes, while RTYV infected plants had the lowest. These results
correlate with the severity of the syndromes induced by the different viruses. Most (60%) of the genes in the RAV subfamily and
B5 subgroup were more highly expressed during RDV-O and RDV-S virus infections, while most (53%) of the genes in the A3
subgroup were down-regulated during RGSV infection, suggesting roles in response to virus infection. The number of genes
activated during RDV infections was greatest during infection with the S-strain, followed by the D84-strain and the O-strain,
with three OsAP2/EREBP genes up-regulated during infection by all three strains. A common set of 12 genes showed higher
expression during infection by at least three viruses, of which, Os05g47650 showed up-regulation during infection with five
of the six viruses. Putative cis-elements related to strongly up-regulated genes included, which may assist in assigning these
important genes to their functional pathways. We also found several duplicate genes that are classified as neo-functional and
sub-functional according to their expression patterns among six virus infections.
Ibrahim Abbas Sodangi
Kaduna State University, Nigeria
Title: Effect of weed control methods on the performance of upland rice at Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Biography:
Ibrahim Abbas Sodangi has done Ph. D. in Crop Production/Weed Science (Maiduguri) 2010; MBA Finance (Maiduguri) 1998. Associate Professor and Dean,
Faculty of Agriculture, Kaduna State University, Nigeria. He is co-author of The Place of Cooperatives in Nigeria’s Economic and Agricultural Development (2009);
Rural, Agricultural and Environmental Sociology in Nigeria (2011); Farmers’ Guide to Production of Drought Tolerant Maize in Borno State, Nigeria (2014) and How
to produce certified seeds of drought tolerant maize in Borno State, Nigeria (2014), and of several articles in local and international journals. Dr. Sodangi was born
on 1st June, 1964. He graduated from the Ahmadu Bello University in 1988 and worked with the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics
(ICRISAT) (1990 – 1992) and Afribank Nig. Plc (1992 -2006) before joining the University system. He is a member of several professional and administrative bodies
including Weed Science Society of Nigeria, Organic Agriculture Project in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria, Research and Development Network, and Association of
Deans of Agriculture in Nigerian Universities. An awardee of Science and Technology Education Post Basic (STEP-B) Project (Innovators of Tomorrow Component)
Award, Dr. Sodangi insists that agriculture should be seen as a business. He brings this passion to bear in his several teachings on cooperative endeavor,
entrepreneurship and economic empowerment.
Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted in the wet season of 2015 to study the effect of some weed control methods on the
performance of upland rice at Kafanchan, Kaduna State, in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. There were eight
treatments as follows: 1) 3.0 kg ai/ha glyphosate followed by 3.0 kg ai/ha propanil +0.6 kg ai/ha trichlopir, 2) 3.0 kg ai/ha
propanil + 1.6 kg ai/ha 2,4-D at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), 3) 3.0 kg ai/ha propanil + 1.6 kg ai/ha 2,4-D at 3 and 6 WAS, 4) 3.0
kg ai/ha propanil + 0.6 kg ai/ha trichlopir at 3 WAS, 5) 3.0 kg ai/ha propoanil + 0.6 kg ai/ha trichlopir at 3 and 6 WAS, 6) hoe
weeding at 3 and 6 WAS, 7) hoe weeding at 3, 6, and 9 WAS and 8) a weedy check. The treatments were laid out in a randomized
complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Grasses especially Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers, Dactyloctenium
aegyptium (L) Wild, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel, Echinochloa colona (L) Link, Ischaemum rugosum Salisb and Panicum repens
L constituted 73% of weed infestation in the study area. Sedges (Fimbristylis miliacea (L) Vahl, Fimbristylis dichotoma (L) Vahl,
Cyperus rotundus L and Cyperus iria L constituted 18% while the broad leaves Polygonum hydropiper L and Alternanthera
sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC constituted 9% of weed infestation. All the herbicides were similar in their effects on the grain yield and
were comparable with the hoe weeding treatments and significantly higher than the weedy check. There is, however, the need
for gross margin and cost-benefit analysis to determine the profitability of each of the weed control treatments.
Laila Naher
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia
Title: Opportunistic role of Trichoderma harzianum in sustainable crop protection
Biography:
Laila Naher, obtained her PhD in the field of Mycology and Plant Pathology from Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2011. Then, she continued as
Post-Doctoral fellow at the same University. She joined as a Senior Lecture at Faculty of Agro- Based Industry, Unversiti Malaysia Kelantan in 2014. She teaches
the subjects- Postharvest Technology, Plant Disease Management, Molecular Biology, and Crop Protection. Besides teaching, her research field focuses on
fundamental aspects of fungal isolation and identification as well as identification of biocontrol agent for management of plant disease and besides that, she works
on understanding the gene that involved either as plant defence response or biocontrol process against the pathogen in interactions between plant-pathogenbiocontrol
agent and pathogen-biocontrol agent. She has published more than 20 papers in refereed journal, 7 proceedings papers in conference book, including
award as best paper, UMK research and innovation 2016, currently, two book chapter under review process.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problems: Ganoderma boninense Pat caused basal stem rot (BSR) disease in oil palm and the disease resulted
in great losses in palm oil production. Another fungus Fusarium oxysporum cubense is the most versatile pathogen for wilt
disease in several plants while Fusarium wilt in banana has great impact for losses in commercial banana production.
Methodology: Both causal pathogens of G. boninense and F. oxysporum have been tested with Trichoderma harzianum to
determine the biocontrol mode of T. harzianum against the pathogens.
Findings: T. harzianum showed the biocontrol activity with the inhibition rate more than 60% against both G. boninense and F.
oxysporum. The mode of biocontrol activity as process of mycoparasitism action is also observed under the scanning electronic
microscope. The coiling of Trichoderma on the pathogens or shrinkage mycelium of the pathogen has proven Trichoderma’s
biocontrol ability. At molecular level only for studies on Ganoderma-oil palm or Ganoderma-oil palm- Trichoderma interactions
showed that Trichoderma induced chitinase genes or enzyme in oil palm leaves or roots tissues as well as plant growth was also
enhanced in the presence of Trichoderma.
Conclusion & Significance: The data from this study showed that T. harzianum successfully manage the interaction between
plant-pathogen and pathogen only as well as enhance the defence responses in plant which indicates Trichoderma has good
impact for sustainable crop protection.
Biography:
Dr. Ayuba La’ah Banta who was born in 1959 in Kaduna State, Nigeria; joined the service of Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria in 1986 and rose to the rank of Chief Lecturer, Head of Department of General Agriculture and Director of School of Agricultural Technology in 2011 – 2012. He is a holder of BSc. Agriculture (1984), MSc. Agricultural Economics (1999) and Ph.D Agricultural Economics (2011) from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Nigeria. Dr. A. L. Banta joined Kaduna State University in 2013 as Senior Lecturer and remains the current Head of Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension. He specialises in Farm Management and Production Economics. He has been teaching Statistics, Agricultural Economics and Agricultural Cooperatives. He has undertaken research on aspects of resource use efficiency, sustainable production system, organic farming, agricultural marketing, vocational and technical education, technological advancement in agriculture with numerous articles published in reputable journals within and outside the country. He is happily married to Mrs. Anna Mercy Ayuba and they are blessed with children.
Abstract:
Bambara groundnut though cultivated majorly by women remains a crop of high value to some local communities. Field trials were conducted in the rainy seasons of 2010 and 2011 to assess the effect of weed control methods on the yield and profitability of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdc) at Sabon Gari in the Northern Guinea Savannah of Borno State, Nigeria. The experiment was made up of 8 treatments (weedy check, pendimenthalin only, pendimenthalin followed by one hoe weeding, butachlor only, butachlor followed by one hoe weeding, hoe weeding once, hoe weeding twice and hoe weeding thrice) all arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. The weedy check and the plots that were treated with pendimethalin only supported statistically similar weed dry matter in both years, which was significantly higher than the other treatments. In 2010, all the hoe weeded plots produced significantly grain yields than the weedy check and the herbicide treated plots except pendimethalin followed by hoe weeding once. None of the herbicide treatments out-yielded the weedy check. In 2011, however, all the hoe weeding once and hoe weeding twice treatments outyielded the hoe weeding trice treatment, although the difference was not significant. The result shows that bambara groundnut production was profitable in the two years of the study. The mean of the two years experiment shows that pendimethalin followed by one hoe weeding had the highest net benefit of N60,875, while the least was recorded by butachlor followed by one hoe weeding (N17,494). The mean MRR indicate that hoe weeding once recorded 1.56 as the highest while the least was observed in hoe weeding thrice (0.42). It was therefore recommended that the weeds management methods be tried in larger field for economic impact, the application of pendimethalin herbicide followed by one hoe weeding be studied further on bambara groundnut weeding practices.
Roni Yulianto
Hiroshima University, Japan
Title: Title: Abundance frequency of plant species as animal feeds to determine ideal cattle grazing
Biography:
Roni Yulianto is a PhD student majoring in Grassland Ecology at IDEC (International Development Education and Cooperation) from Hiroshima University, Japan.
He has obtained his Master’s in 2012 and Bachelor’s in 2009 from Andalas University of Indonesia.
Abstract:
The objectives of this study were to determine the dominant frequency of plant species and provide useful information
towards the conservation management of animal feed in grazing areas, Hiroshima, Japan. The numbers of plant species
were 32 and 21 in spring and summer, respectively. The appearance frequency of plant species more than 50% in the spring,
consist of Veronica arvensis (75.57%), Trifolium repens (73.86%), Paspalum dilatatum (69.32%), Lamium purpureum (68.75%),
Trifolium dubium (65.34%), Cerastium glomeratum (63.64%), whereas in summer, it consists of Paspalum notatum (98.30%),
Trifolium repens (81.25%), Paspalum dilatatum (78.98%), and Kyllinga brevifolia (74.43%). It was observed that the frequencies
of plant species were 16.64 and 21.55 cm; vegetation cover rates were 77.18 and 81.36%; chlorophyll content were 41.72 and
36.28 mg/g Fw and species numbers were 17.91 and 10.18, in spring and summer, respectively. Findings of this research
propose that Trifolium repens (clover), Rumex japonicus (weed), and Paspalum dilatatum (grass) are dominant species in the
studied areas that can be utilized as animal feeds.
Deepak Kumar Verma
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
Title: Physicochemical and cooking quality inquisition of aromatic and non-aromatic rice cultivars locally grown by Indian farmers
Biography:
Deepak Kumar Verma is an Agricultural Science Professional and is currently a PhD Research Scholar in Food Processing Engineering at Agricultural and Food Engineering department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (WB), India. In 2012, he received a DST-INSPIRE Fellowship for PhD study by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. He earned his BSc degree in Agricultural Science in 2009 from Faculty of Agriculture, Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur and MSc in Agricultural Biochemistry from the Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, CSAUA&T, Kanpur, India in 2011. In addition, he is member of different professional bodies and his activities and accomplishments include conferences, seminar, workshop, training and also the publication of research articles, books and book chapters. Apart from this, he is working as a Senior Acquisitions Editor and Senior Technical Editor-in-Chief in the volume series of “Innovation in Agricultural Microbiology” for Apple Academic Press Inc. USA, and also an Associate Editor in the volume series of “Agricultural and Biomedical Engineering” for Apple Academic Press Inc., USA.
Abstract:
The experiment was conducted to study the grain quality characteristics of aromatic and non-aromatic rice cultivars and to compare with other prominent rice cultivars. The result of an experiment on various physicochemical and cooking qualities attributes of rice cultivars, among which Badshah Bhog exhibited high hulling (80.82%) and milling (75.47%) whereas, highest head rice out-turns had in Gobind Bhog (58.22%) and lowest broken rice obtained in Khushboo (5.15%). All aromatic rice were short-bold, excepting Swetganga (short-slender) and Khushboo (medium-slender) whereas long-slender found in all non-aromatic rice with translucent, creamy white kernels. Kernel dimensions of all aromatic rice except Khushboo (1.35 mm) were satisfactory in respect of breadth and L/B ratio found less than 3.0 except Khushboo (5.55); all aromatic rice possess highest and lowest to non-aromatic rice with respect to breadth and L/B ratio, respectively whereas, Kalanamak, Khushboo, Sarbati and Todal had 6.16 mm to 7.88 mm kernel length fell marginally near than the desired minimum acceptable standard of kernel length for Basmati rice (6.6 mm). On cooking, Swetganga exhibited highest kernel elongation after cooking (KEaC) and kernel elongation ratio (KER) were 2.20 and 2.07, respectively whereas, Todal for highest (4.07) volume expansion ratio (VER). Swetganga and Todal were comparable and found to be significantly better than all other aromatic and non-aromatic rice with the respect of KEaC, KER and VER, respectively. All aromatic cultivars were higher (more than 20%) in amylose content (AC) and classified intermediate type as compared to evolved aromatic rice Kalanamak and non-aromatic Sarbati and Todal rice.
S R Weerakoon
Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka
Title: Multiple origin of weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) in Sri Lanka
Biography:
S R Weerakoon has completed her PhD and Post-doctoral studies from the University of Western Australia. She works as a Professor in Botany at the Open
University of Sri Lanka. She has published more than 25 journal papers and more than 80 papers in conference proceedings and currently, involved in research
activities in the areas of Plant Breeding and Weed Biology.
Abstract:
The origin of weedy rice has long been a controversial issue and opinions on the origin of WR are greatly varied across
the scientific community. As far as Sri Lankan WR ecotypes are concerned, a geographical pattern of distribution which
associated with the wild rice and cultivated rice varieties in each climatic zone. Genetic diversity of 85 weedy rice eco-types,
60 cultivated rice varieties and 2 wild relatives distributed in wet, intermediate, dry zone were studied using 10 microsatellite
(SSR) markers distributed across the rice genome. Total genomic DNA was extracted from 7-day old seedlings of respective
WR eco-types, wild rice and cultivated types. A total of 10 SSR primer pairs were used for molecular study. Fragment analysis
using capillary electrophoresis was performed and identified different peaks among WR eco-types and wild rice varieties.
Obtained data were subjected to cluster (CA), principle component (PCA) and self-organizing map. Results of the PCA and
CA indicated that SSR distribution across the weedy rice eco-types, cultivated rice varieties and wild relatives provide strong
evidences supporting the hypothesis that the wild relative O. rufipogon and O. nivara ecologically diversified into wet and dry
habitats, respectively. Thus, origins of the weedy rice eco-types are results of the spontaneous hybridization and out-crossing
between wild relatives and cultivated rice varieties. Further, SOM imply that four out of 10 SSR primers (RM 211, RM 280,
Virender Singh Lather
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, India
Title: Natural hydrogel based novel seed technology for climate resilient agriculture
Biography:
Dr.Virender Singh Lather has completed his PhD (Genetics) from G.B. Pant University, Pantnagar and visited Washington State University as UNDP/FAO trainee in year 2000. He has served CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar as the Professor (Genetics & Plant Breeding) for 33 years before joining ICAR-IARI New Delhi in 2012. He has published more than 55 papers in reputed journals and serving as an editorial board member of repute Journal of NASS as reviewer and also contributed for development of six chickpea improved varieties including novel concept of tall and erect chickpea cultivar suitable for mechanical harvesting. He is now working on concept of natural hydrogels coated novel seed technology.
Abstract:
Natural gums are biopolymers produced by algal (alginate), plant (pectin), microbial (dextran) and animal (chitosan) and their useful properties of non-toxic, high swelling ability, stability in wide pH-temperatures,biodegradability, biocompatibility, low cost etc makes them versatile natural hydrogels for biomedical (drug delivery etc) and agricultural uses against sub-optimal moisture stresses in semiarid and rainfed ecology. The major Earth landmass conducive for agriculture is under abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, temperature) which likely to increase due to land degradation, urbanization and climate change. While ‘Green Revolution’ ensured global food security, however increased consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, ground water which degraded the environmental seriously whereas aerobic agriculture suffered with low productivity due to poor seed germination, seedlings-plant growth, dry-matter accumulation etc. Hydrogels are known for mitigation of moisture stresses, but synthetic hydrogels introduced for agricultural purposes has not become popular due to their prohibitive cost, poor delivery system to root zones and environmental concerns as these contain polyvinyl alcohols or polyacrylamides considered carcinogenic and non-biodegradable.
To make efficient use of hydrogel in agriculture, Lather (2015) identified the cost effective natural hydrogels and developed farmer’s friendly herbal hydrogel coated seed technology (HHCST) for climate resilience agriculture by using natural gums which are consumed as human foods since ages e.g. Gum Tragacanth (E-413), Gum Sterculia(E-416 ) and Xanthan gum (E-415) etc. Natural hydrogels coated seed delayed the wilting-mortality of seedling by saving irrigations water and allow the delay of first irrigation which in combination with pre-emergence application of ‘herbicides Pendimethalin’ prove as “Game Changer Technology” for effective weeds control including noxious Phalaris minor in wheat, DSR (direct seeded rice) and other crops. With adoption of natural hydrogel based novel seed technology, the water and energy consumption reduced by half at reduced cultivation cost with significant environmental gains and less incidence of pests-diseases. The farmers shown keen interest in novel seed technology by planted thousands hectares of DSR-paddy, wheat and other crops by proving that if technology is beneficial, there is no need for govt. subsidy regimes which prevalent now in various countries.